(Lea, 1858). Formalin does not even serve as a good fixative or preservative for long-term anatomical studies. Tadpole Physa Micromenetus brogniartiana 128). 123). Important diagnostic characteristics for subfamilies, genera, and species are found in the female reproductive system, the male reproductive organ (the penis), and modifications of the radular teeth. The giant African land snail ( Lissachatina fulica (Bowditch)) (GALS) is one of the most invasive pests on the planet, causing agricultural and environmental damage wherever it is found. Marginal teeth of radula spatulate and bearing 8-10 weakly differentiated cusps. Shell grayish-white. Florida authorities believe that the snail, native to eastern Africa, was reintroduced to the state when someone brought it home as a pet. Burch, J. Thompson, F.G. 1968. Spire of adults with heavy vertical ribs; unicolor dark brown; usually less than 18 mm long (Figs. Interior of adult aperture with brownish tinge. Shell generally thin but strong; whorls of spire strongly convex with deep suture (Figs. Apex proportionally longer, about 0.3-0.5 times length of shell. Define Invasive Species: must have ALL of the following -. Pewter Physa This family includes four North American genera, Amnicola, Dasyscia, Colligyrus and Lyogyrus, and the European genus Marstoniopsis and some Asian genera. Outer lip of aperture with a thick callus on inner surface. 171-173). Similarities in appearance among the exotic species can make identification very difficult. Two genera of North American freshwater snails: Marstonia Baker, 1926 resureected to generic status, and Floridobia, new genus (Prosobranchia, Hydrobiidae, Nymphophilinae). 173). The manual treats only those genera that occur in freshwater. Ichetucknee Siltsnail (Pilsbry, 1899). The current status of these introductions is not known. Clench, W.J., & R. D. Turner. Operculum loosely coiled, with 3.75 large whorls, the outer one expanding more rapidly than the others (Figs. One species, C. chinensis malleatus (Reeve, 1863) (Fig. (Frauenfeld, 1863). Fred G. Thompson (1934-2016) Three occur in Florida. 158). Fighting a new infestation of an invasive, crop-damaging snail, Florida agriculture officials on Thursday said they have collected 1,000 of the creatures in just over a week in Pasco County, where they were recently discovered following two years in abeyance. 135). 82). A little practice may be necessary to perfect this relaxing procedure. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 1: 97-239. Apex of shell flat, though it may be raised above the periphery of the last whorl (Figs. Tarebia granifera Shell small, about 3.0-3.5 mm long; adult with 4.4-4.8 whorl; lower corner of aperture tending to be angulate with fluted channel (Fig. Shell with 4.4-5.0 whorls; about 3.7-5.2 mm long. Apex smooth, with no trace of radial striations (Fig. Bayou Physa (Walker, 1925). Penis with 7-50 papillae along right margin and 1-4 papillae along distal third of left margin (Figs. Sculpture consisting of axial striations only (Fig.147). Some species that are endemic to Florida springs live in environments with nearly constant temperatures and apparently reproduce continuously throughout the year. Shell specimens should be cleaned and air-dried. Apex subacute, distinctly eccentric to the right of the midline. Spiral or costate sculpture usually present. Campeloma geniculum Shell with a brownish hue. 61). Taylor (2003) monographed the family Physidae. Sculpture consisting of incremental striations only. Vernacular manes used in this manual are consistent with the standardized list of vernacular names for North American freshwater snails recently established by the American Fisheries Society (Turgeon, et al, 1998). Littoridinops palustris Eight species have been proposed. Adult shells about 40-60 mm high (Fig. Aperture broadly in contact with preceding whorl. Shell shaggy with numerous spiral fimbriations that are broken into synchronized tufts. 81-83). Freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of North America. Amphibious; moves by step-like mode of progression (Fig. Floridobia ponderosa (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). The Junonia is seldom found, and is considered a special find by beachcombers. The coloring makes state officials. 24, 27). Umbilicus open. Malacological Review, 12: 87-88. Aperture never with a septum. Shell generally elliptical in outline. Excentric Ancylid 12). Sculpture above periphery of whorls consisting of sharp spiral chords and distinct vertical ribs; shell attenuate. It is characterized by the lobed shape and glandular patterns of the penis. Outer lip of aperture nearly straight in lateral profile (Figs. University of Florida scientists say the nightmarishly named "rat lungworm" has been found in multiple species of snails in the Miami area, including the invasive giant African snail. (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Do not use tap water since copper ions from the plumbing system may contaminate the tap water and kill the snails prematurely. However, this appears to be an over reduction, and several southern species were synonymized that appear worthy of recognition. 127); superior tubercles on penis arranged in oblique longitudinal series. Average length about 4 mm (Figs. Snails in wild populations range in shell color from yellow to brownish-black, and may contain stripes or dimpling. Aperture trapezoidal in shape; spire more robust, straight sided; with a shallower suture; parapical crest large (Fig. Identification should conform with all data in the key and with geographic distributions. 202, 208). Umbilicus closed or narrowly perforate. A giant African land snail, photographed at a lab in 2014. (Thompson, 1968). Freshwater mollusks of Alabama, Georgia and Florida from the Escambia to the Suwannee River. Little is known about these animals, and diverse opinions exist as to how many species are recognizable. Aperture oval, about 0.75 times as wide as high. Aperture relatively ample (Figs. This is essential in the case of the Hydrobiidae. Operculum calcareous with two pegs on inner surface (Figs. Vertical ribs strongly developed, crossed by nearly equal sized spiral threads that form low spines where they cross the ribs, adults about 20-25 mm long (Fig. Shell larger, reaching a maximum diameter of 18 mm. Shell narrow, terete or cylindric-conical with a moderately impressed suture. Shell obese and ponderous. 55). The snails are tan colored, high and conical, with mature snails about to 1-inch long. Umbilicus broad, shallow (Fig. Vernacular names are given only for species. Shell cylindric-conical, solid opaque; 4.5-4.9 moderately rounded whorls. Terminal lobe of penis slender. Adult shells small, less than 3 mm high; umbilicus closed by the reflected columellar lip; columellar margin of the aperture nearly straight, barely convex (Fig. Frequently the shells of ampulariids and viviparids are very similar. After a few years in storage glandular tissues in the female reproductive system deteriorate, and the process gradually spreads to destroy all but the terminal genital structures. Sexes strongly dimorphic in size, males about half as long as females. The number of whorls persent on the shell can help you easily identify the snail species. Umbilicus variable. Whorls shouldered above near suture (Fig. 197-209). Vertical ribs smooth along the periphery, strongly developed (Fig. The following key includes all of the species that occur in Florida and some that occur in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Whorls flat-sided with suture weakly impressed. 11). Length of shell 2.1-2.8 mm (Fig. Shell sculptured with vertical, weakly curved ribs and much finer spiral striations. Shell conical with strongly arched whorls and a deeply impressed suture. Creek Siltsnail Average length about 5 mm (Figs. Shell large, 80-100 mm wide. Female adult snail kites have yellow or orange legs and ceres; and red or orangish-brown eyes. 41-43). Peristome narrow to broadly ovate. In view of the inconsistency of these shell characters, these three forms may represent only a single species, Campeloma limum, which is widely distributed from the Escambia River system of Florida and Alabama east and north into North Carolina and Virginia. Shell distinctly carinated above and below; both apex and base funnel-shaped. Sides of spire concave in outline (Fig. The most recent sighting of a giant African land snail took place in 2017, meaning the species can now be considered eradicated in the state of Florida. Shell minute, 2.4-2.7 mm long; adults with 3.9-4.2 whorls; spire short, 0.8- 1.1 times height of aperture (Fig. 134). Attains a length of 30-40 mm (Fig. 81). Aperture narrow, about half as wide as high. Spire of adults without distinct vertical ribs. (Thompson, 1968). Shell smaller, generally less than 12 mm long. 180-182). 4, 5). Florida Shell Guide. 160, 163, 166). Body whorl strongly keeled as though pinched at the periphery (Figs. Two occur in Florida. B. Base of shell regularly expanding, not funnel-shaped. Parapical crest of verge greatly enlarged. 149). Incremental striations uniformly weak. Shell moderately elevated, over 0.25 times as high as long. Shell usually with raised spiral threads around periphery, frequently the uppermost thread has conical or triangular spines (Figs. Penis with large papilla on right margin near base and one or two papillae on left margin near distal end (Figs. The species was eradicated again in 2021 after being detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County, according to FDACS. 4). Aperture elliptical or trapezoidal in shape. 140). Hershler, R. & F. G. Thompson. Umbilicus closed. Aperture of shell closed by an operculum (snail must be collected live because the operculum is lost soon after death). Shell conical, thick, opaque. Bantam Hydrobe Adults about 6-8 mm wide (Figs. Shell transparent or translucent. In previous editions of the manual species of Floridobia were placed in the genus Cincinnatia. 15, 18). Kites belong to the same bird family as hawks and eagles, Accipittridae. The reappearance of an invasive snail species forced state officials to enact a quarantine order two weeks ago for residents of Florida's Pasco County, an area north of Tampa along the gulf. Some species are dioecious with a normal representation of males and females. Color of fresh shell never milky white. 65). Thiarids are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Clifton Spring Hydrobe Floridobia porterae Blackwater Ancylid Apex in about middle of shell. (Thompson & Hershler, 1991). (Vail, 1979). 69). Pilsbry, H. A. 1918. Central tooth of radula with long basocones along base (Fig. (Thompson, 2000). Knobby Elimia (Mller, 1774). Shell cap-shaped or limpet-like with a wide, open aperture forming base of shell (Figs. Shell coiled to the left, with the aperture on the left side (Figs.147-158). 1918. As was anticipated, further work on the systematics of the southeastern freshwater snail fauna created the need for subsequent revision in 1999, and for this updated version. Rails, gallinules, coots and cranes. The reader will discover how very little we know about any genus occurring in Florida. 66). Sculpture consisting of fine incremental threads, and spiral striations that may become obsolete at maturity. The criterion of inbreeding for defining species cannot be applied, and other objective criteria are not yet been established. Shell ovate or subcircular in shape, smooth or with radial sculpture localized anteriorly. Pomacea bridgesi Clench, W.J. The deterioration process is not reversible. shell with 3.9-4.2 whorls (Fig. 67). Penis with different arrangement of papillae than above. 34); penis frlattened, blade-like (Fig. Last whorl not shouldered (Figs.155, 156). (Vanatta, 1935). Accessory crest absent. They can also carry rat lungworm, which causes meningitis in humans. Shell elongate-conical, with about 5-7 whorls. Operculum nearly multispiral with four large, slowly expanding whorls (Fig. Thompson, F.G. 1979. Approximately 35 species have been described. Ecology: This large snail is found in freshwater lakes, rivers, streams, ponds and ditches, preferring slow-moving water. 36). 169). Texture dull. The molluscan family Planorbidae. Operculum with concentric growth rings around nucleus (Figs. The species are highly variable, and there is no consensus regarding the number of valid species. Small- or medium-sized snails need to be identified with the aid of a binocular dissecting microscope that is equipped with an ocular micrometer calibrated to 0.1 mm accuracy so that precise measurements can be made. Umbilicus narrow, deep (Fig. Shell of various shapes and sculpture. Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. They were detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County and eradicated again in 2021. Shell conical to ovate-conical. (Gould, 1841). Umbilical perforation wide, 1/6 to 1/8 diameter of shell. Shell relatively thin. (Fig. U-shaped superior crest not enclosing longitudinal crests. (Thompson, 1968). Pomacea paludosa, common name the Florida applesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails . This manual recognizes 113 species and subspecies that occurring in Florida and the list will increase with time. (Thompson, 1968). Apex flat with narrow threadlike keel. Florida's . Accessory crest present. (Say, 1825). Body whorl angular. Indented Duskysnail Apical whorls raised to form a point on top of spire. 23, 26). The snails live in the bays and mudflats, but after they die their shells wash up on the beaches. Columellar margin of aperture wide, flat-faced; apex of spire usually erroded; apical whorls, when present, with minute spiral striations; central tooth of radula with basocones located on ridged surface of tooth (Fig. 159, 162, 165). Shell cylindric-conical with 4.5-5.0 whorls. Body whorl relatively rapidly expanding in diameter (Fig. Shaggy Ghostsnail Mantle mottled with black spots and blotches. The HYDROBIIDAE include over 200 genera and approximately 1000 species. Their color varies from red-orange, to pink, to a blue purple. (Anthony, 1860). Bugle Sprite 63). Spire long, 1.3-1.7 times length of aperture, convex in outline; shell relatively large and nearly cylindrical; 4.0-4.9 mm long; whorls 5.0-5.7, strongly rounded with a deeply impressed suture (Fig. Aperture strongly oblique. Shape highly variable, usually disc-shaped but some specimens with flat-topped raised spire. Others were new taxa not found in earlier surveys.

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